Human-wildlife conflict

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Human-wildlife conflict refers to the negative interactions between humans and wild animals, with undesirable consequences for both people and their resources, as well as wildlife and their habitats. This conflict is becoming more frequent, serious, and widespread due to factors such as human population growth, agricultural expansion, infrastructure development, climate change, and other drivers of habitat loss.

The long-term survival of some of the world’s most iconic species, including elephants and tigers, is at risk from this significant and escalating threat¹. Human-wildlife conflict can lead to loss of property, livelihoods, and even life. Defensive and retaliatory killing may eventually drive these species to extinction.