View source for Library:Record low 2022 Antarctic sea ice led to catastrophic breeding failure of emperor penguins (research)

'''Record low 2022 Antarctic sea ice led to catastrophic breeding failure of emperor penguins''' discusses the impact of abrupt reductions in sea ice extent on emperor [[penguin]] colonies in the central and eastern Bellingshausen Sea, particularly in light of the November 2022 sea ice anomaly. Emperor penguins heavily rely on stable sea ice for breeding, moulting, and foraging, and changes in sea ice conditions can significantly affect their life cycle. The study focuses on five colonies in the region: Rothschild Island, Verdi Inlet, Smyley Island, Bryan Peninsula, and Pfrogner Point.

In December 2022, the region experienced early sea ice loss, particularly in the Bellingshausen Sea, with some areas witnessing a 100% loss in sea ice extent. The study indicates that four out of the five colonies were affected by this early sea ice loss, leading to the abandonment of three colonies due to a lack of stable ice during the crucial fledging period in early December. The abandonment was observed through satellite imagery, and the breeding failure is anticipated, as emperor penguin chicks need stable ice until they develop waterproof feathers.

The article provides detailed reports on each colony's status, including Verdi Inlet, Smyley Island, Bryant Coast, Pfrogner Point, and Rothschild Island. The data reveals the timing of sea ice break-up and colony disappearance, emphasizing the negative impact on breeding success. The findings suggest that the observed sea ice loss in 2022 had a significant effect on emperor penguin colonies in the Bellingshausen Sea, potentially leading to breeding failure and population decline. The study underscores the vulnerability of emperor penguins to climate change-induced sea ice loss and highlights the urgent need for conservation efforts to mitigate the threats posed by global warming.

== See also ==
{{See also/penguin}}

== External links ==

* https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-023-00927-x DOI

[[Category:Penguin (research)]]